Africa
Algeria: Arabic (official),
French, Berber dialects
Angola: Portuguese (official),
Bantu and other African languages
Benin: French (official),
Fon and Yoruba (most common vernaculars in south), tribal languages (at
least six major ones in north)
Botswana: Setswana 78.2%,
Kalanga 7.9%, Sekgalagadi 2.8%, English 2.1% (official), other 8.6%, unspecified
0.4%
Burkina Faso: French (official),
native African languages belonging to Sudanic family spoken by 90% of the
population
Burundi: Kirundi (official),
French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura
area)
Cameroon: 24 major African
language groups, English (official), French (official)
Central African Republic:
French (official), Sangho (lingua franca and national language), tribal
languages
Chad: French (official), Arabic
(official), Sara (in south), more than 120 different languages and dialects
Congo, Democratic Republic:
French (official), Lingala (a lingua franca trade language), Kingwana (a
dialect of Kiswahili or Swahili), Kikongo, Tshiluba
Congo Republic:
French (official), Lingala and Monokutuba (lingua franca trade languages),
many local languages and dialects (of which Kikongo is the most widespread)
Cote D' Ivoire: French (official),
60 native dialects with Dioula the most widely spoken
Djibouti: French (official),
Arabic (official), Somali, Afar
Egypt: Arabic (official),
English and French widely understood by educated classes
Eritea: Afar, Arabic, Tigre
and Kunama, Tigrinya, other Cushitic languages
Ethiopia: Amharic, Tigrinya,
Oromigna, Guaragigna, Somali, Arabic, other local languages, English (major
foreign language taught in schools)
Gabon: French (official),
Fang, Myene, Nzebi, Bapounou/Eschira, Bandjabi
Gambia: English (official),
Mandinka, Wolof, Fula, other indigenous vernaculars
Ghana: English (official),
African languages (including Akan, Moshi-Dagomba, Ewe, and Ga)
Guinea: French (official),
each ethnic group has its own language
Guinea Bissau: Portuguese
(official), Crioulo, African languages
Kenya: English (official),
Kiswahili (official), numerous indigenous languages
Lesotho: Sesotho (southern
Sotho), English (official), Zulu, Xhosa
Liberia: English 20% (official),
some 20 ethnic group languages, of which a few can be written and are used
in correspondence
Libya: Arabic, Italian, English,
all are widely understood in the major cities
Mali: French (official), Bambara
80%, numerous African languages
Mauritania: Arabic (official),
Pulaar, Soninke, French, Hassaniya, Wolof
Mauritius: Creole 80.5%, Bhojpuri
12.1%, French 3.4% (official), other 3.7%, unspecified 0.3%
Morocco: Arabic (official),
Berber dialects, French often the language of business, government, and
diplomacy
Mozambique: Emakhuwa 26.1%,
Xichangana 11.3%, Portuguese 8.8% (official; spoken by 27% of population
as a second language), Elomwe 7.6%, Cisena 6.8%, Echuwabo 5.8%, other Mozambican
languages 32%, other foreign languages 0.3%, unspecified 1.3%
Namibia: English 7% (official),
Afrikaans common language of most of the population and about 60% of the
white population, German 32%, indigenous languages: Oshivambo, Herero,
Nama
Niger: French (official),
Hausa, Djerma
Nigeria: English (official),
Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani
Reunion: French (official),
Creole widely used
Rwanda: Kinyarwanda (official)
universal Bantu vernacular, French (official), English (official), Kiswahili
(Swahili) used in commercial centers
Senegal: French (official),
Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka
Seychelles:
Creole 91.8%, English 4.9% (official), other 3.1%, unspecified 0.2%
Sierra Leone: English (official,
regular use limited to literate minority), Mende (principal vernacular
in the south), Temne (principal vernacular in the north), Krio (English-based
Creole, spoken by the descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled
in the Freetown area, a lingua franca and a first language for 10% of the
population but understood by 95%)
Somalia: Somali (official),
Arabic, Italian, English
Sudan: Arabic (official),
Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic
languages, English
note: program of "Arabization" in
process
Swaziland:
English (official, government business conducted in English), siSwati (official)
Tanzania:Kiswahili or Swahili
(official), Kiunguja (name for Swahili in Zanzibar), English (official,
primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education), Arabic
(widely spoken in Zanzibar), many local languages
note: Kiswahili (Swahili) is the
mother tongue of the Bantu people living in Zanzibar and nearby coastal
Tanzania; although Kiswahili is Bantu in structure and origin, its vocabulary
draws on a variety of sources, including Arabic and English, and it has
become the lingua franca of central and eastern Africa; the first language
of most people is one of the local languages
Togo: French (official and
the language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (the two major African languages
in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (the two major
African languages in the north)
Tunisia: Arabic (official
and one of the languages of commerce), French (commerce)
Uganda: English (official
national language, taught in grade schools, used in courts of law and by
most newspapers and some radio broadcasts), Ganda or Luganda (most widely
used of the Niger-Congo languages, preferred for native language publications
in the capital and may be taught in school), other Niger-Congo languages,
Nilo-Saharan languages, Swahili, Arabic
Western Sahara: Hassaniya
Arabic, Moroccan Arabic
Zaire: -
Zambia: English (official),
major vernaculars - Bemba, Kaonda, Lozi, Lunda, Luvale, Nyanja, Tonga,
and about 70 other indigenous languages
Zimbabwe: English (official),
Shona, Sindebele (the language of the Ndebele, sometimes called Ndebele),
numerous but minor tribal dialects